| The Amazon of Venezuela |
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THE AMAZON OF VENEZUELA A BIT ON THE AMAZON BASIN ... Amazonas  , many to hear this word they think of the biggest rainforest in the world and they are right but also the associated only with our neighboring Brazil and not true, for those who do not are eight countries that have jurisdiction over the Amazon, or whether they are Amazonian and these are: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Surinam and Venezuela. The Amazon basin is a huge biological laboratory of approx. 7,000,000 (seven million) km2 thereby becoming the largest tropical forest and its rivers there are home-fifth of all freshwater is in the world, its surface covered only 7% of the land and is possessed of more than half of global biodiversity, consisting of hundreds of thousands and millions of life forms, many still unknown to science. The biodiversity of the Amazon is amazing, overall estimate was reached * "between 5 and 30 million species. Of these, only 1.4 million have been described species, of which 750,000 are insects, 40,000 vertebrates, 250,000 plants and 360,000 of the microbiota. On the Amazon, generally accepted the following values: 60,000 species of higher plants, 2,500,000 arthropod species, 2,000 fish and 300 species of mammals " Also many think that the Amazon is not homogeneous and so, the landscape and biological diversity, the different types of climate, geological formations and heights over sea level show the great diversity of the Amazon basin and if we talk about diversity culture we have that in the Amazon are a little more than 400 ethnic groups with a population of about one million people. A little about the Venezuelan Amazon This state in southern Venezuela as part of the Guiana Shield, is synonymous with mystery, adventure and biodiversity, birthplace of the mighty Orinoco (third largest river in the world), is possessed of an enormous variety of natural beauties unrepeatable characteristics the world. Majestic rainforests, large and wide savannahs, towering mountains and tepuis (geological formations dating back 400 million years old), extensive and rapid rivers and stunning waterfalls emerge from this extraordinary region. Its origin Precambrian geological formations are the oldest in the world, with an age of three billion years ago, whose base is formed by metamorphic and granitic igneous rocks - granitic complex called Amazon. The Venezuelan Amazon has a great variety and abundance of fauna, 217 species of mammals, 674 species of birds (all a paradise for birders), 159 reptile species and 25 families known fish and a variety of exotic and exuberant vegetation (+ 5,000 botanical species). Similarly part of the South American Amazon, which is characterized as a biological reservoir of global importance because of its quantity and diversity of forest products of incalculable benefit and commercial value. It covers an area of 178,000 km2, of which 90% is forested, 5% of savannah and 5% other vegetation. Forests account for 30% of the country's forests and savannahs 6.5% of the national total. The great diversity of vegetation in the Amazon state consists of a variety of palms, such as Pijiguaos, moriche, macanilla the manaca, the mabe, the cucurito, the cheeky-chique, the jaguar, the shiver and seje Many species of orchids and bromeliads. Among the shrubs are the cork oak, butter, wax, yagrumo and hibiscus. Among the most important trees are the marima, the pendare, the paratur, laurel yellow, white laurel, mahogany, ceiba, avocado, boar, and many species of sassafras trees. In Amazonas state forests are classified as tropical wet forest, tropical forest, subtropical wet forest, tropical wet forest and rainforest. As for his physiographic landscapes can be distinguished as follows: mountains and plateaus tepuyes; peneplains; plains of erosion-altered, floodplains and valleys. This state is characterized by an important cultural diversity represented by its 15 ethnic groups, each possessing its own culture, language, music, architecture, mythology, traditions, crafts, ethnographic and folkloric events, the latter expressed by dancing, singing native and music performed with typical instruments of wind and percussion, this will only mention a few of its many cultural elements. Also find a wealth of artistic (petroglyphs, cave paintings, megalithic monuments, natural stones and mythical hills) and others which were unknown until now its function (punts, bateitas, coupled points, etc.). But are also important because they reflect an ancient culture, all traces of our ancestral past. In terms of hydrography Amazonas State has two very important river, the Orinoco and Guainia - Black River. Has the largest river system in the country, and the Orinoco River is the most important of the territory, whose channel has an approximate length of 1,000 km. within the state. He was born in Cerro Delgado Chalbaud southeast of the state and passes through to the northeast. While Guainía Basin - Black River, you can reach 53,000 km ². These two basins are connected by the arm Casiquiare serving as spillway of the Orinoco, and it diverts part of its flow into the Amazon River through the Black River, which originates in Venezuela and flows into the Amazon River. Many rivers as Sipapo Autana Cuao, Guayape Cataniapo, Ventuari, Ocamo, Manapiare Atabapo Padamo, Mavaca, Cunucunuma among others, are major tributaries of the Orinoco River.
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